Debugging ARM architecture ELF binaries directly on an x86_64 Ubuntu workstation is accomplished by running the binary inside qemu-arm with a remote GDB stub listening on a TCP port.

QEMU & GDB Remote Debugging Commands

Terminal Commandsbash
# Terminal 1: Launch ARM binary under QEMU GDB stub listening on port 1234
qemu-arm -g 1234 ./myapp_arm
 
# Terminal 2: Attach gdb-multiarch remote debugger
gdb-multiarch ./myapp_arm
(gdb) target remote localhost:1234
(gdb) break main
(gdb) continue